List five human activities that pose major threats to marine systems and eight human activities that threaten coral reefs. Distinguish among old-growth (primary) forests, second-growth forests, and tree plantations (tree farms or commercial forests). All these processes work together to make ecosystems clean, sustainable, functional, and resilient to change. Oceans Provide Important Ecological and Economic Resources Reservoirs of diversity in three major life zones • Coastal zone • Usually high NPP • Open sea • Ocean bottom . Healthy forest ecosystems are ecological life-support systems. Forest Service per-formance measures have largely focused on outputs associated with land treatments, rather than ecologi- cal, social, and economic outcomes, in part because outputs are much more easily measured than out-comes. Some of the key ecological services are: carbon storage and sequestration, preservation and protection of hydrological function and conservation of biodiversity. In addition to assisting in climate control, forest have other ecological benefits. Forests play a vital role in Canada’s economic health, with the forest industry accounting for some 297,000 direct and indirect jobs. Sal forests of the central part of the country also provide economically valuable timbers. Free Preview. Services Human Well-being Direct Drivers of Change Changes in land use Species introduction or removal Technology adaptation and use External inputs (e.g., irrigation) Resource consumption Climate change Natural physical and biological drivers (e.g., volcanoes) Indirect Drivers of Change Demographic Economic (globalization, trade, Major Ecological and Economic Services Provided by Marine Systems . The Munda, first settlers around the Sundarbans consider themselves part of the forest. Forests provide a full suite of goods and services that are vital to human health and livelihood, natural assets we call ecosystem services. Services provided by forests cover a wide range of ecological, political, economic, social and cultural considerations and processes. What Services do Wetlands Provide? The health and well-being of human populations depend on the services provided by ecosystems and their components: the organisms, soil, water, and nutrients. So that appropriate measures are taken before it is too late. Wetlands provide ecological and economic benefits By Will Moseley Wildlife and Fisheries Consultant Posted Apr. These are all important forest values, although their importance is … What is a lake? Benefits also include the hosting and protection of sites and landscapes of high cultural, spiritual, or recreational value. 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However, canopy coverage would not be more than 6 percent. They are areas where water is present above or near the surface of the soil for at least … Distinguish among an old-growth forest, a second-growth forest, and a tree plantation (tree farm or commercial forest). Forests provide jobs for more than 13 million people across the world In addition, 300 million people live in forests, including 60 million indigenous people.Yet, we are losing them. They can be tidal zones, marshes, bogs or swamps among many other types. Many important forest functions have no markets, and hence, no apparent eco-nomic value, justifying the use of forest land for other purposes. Also, whenever tourists visit the forest areas to view the beautiful sceneries alongside the wildlife forms inhabiting the forests, the hosting nations and communities get revenue from tourism. Three major life zones in the ocean are coastal zone, open sea, and ocean bottom. Non-forest dwellers are also increasingly exploiting forests now. Benefits also include the hosting and protection of sites and landscapes of high cultural, spiritual, or recreational value. Services provided by forests cover a wide array of ecological, economic, socio-cultural considerations and processes. Regardless of poor canopy coverage, forests of Bangladesh are rich in biodiversity. It is also used for house construction and supports many cottage industries. Fig. Asked by Wiki User. Plants absorb carbon through photosynthesis from atmospheric carbon dioxide and return oxygen to the environment. They also provide multiple goods and services which benefit people in many ways: economically, materially, health-wise, emotionally or socially. At the same time, forests also store carbon, preserve soils and nurture a diversity of species. - Marine systems provide ecological services (CO2 adsorption, nutrient cycling, waste treatment, biodiversity, etc.) They are natural defense against climate change, removing the green house gas carbon dioxide and generating oxygen. The benefits provided by forest ecosystems include: The primary challenge for sustainable forest management is finding ways to continue to benefit from ecological services without compromising the forest’s ability to provide those services. What major ecological and economic benefits do forests provide? Honey collectors (mawal) make sure that young bees are never killed. These environmentally fragile areas tend to be isolated and economically marginalized. Usually, however, the many species occurring in forests have a broader ecological tolerance, and they may in fact require a mosaic of different habitat types. Socio-cultural servicesForests are home to millions of people world-wide, and many of these people are dependent on the forests for their survival. The issue of indigenous knowledge is also important. This assists in purifying the atmosphere and control rising temperatures but deforestation negates these benefits. Ecological economics also seeks true economic efficiency. Describe the efforts of scientists and economists to put a price tag on the major ecosystem services provided by forests and other ecosystems. Unfortunately, in the past few hundred years, we have lost more than half of the wetlands in the United States. Now is the time to act so that continued ecological, economic and social services are received from forests. Ecological services include: support energy flow and chemical cycling, reduce soil erosion, absorb and release water, purify water and air, influence local and regional climate, store atmospheric carbon, and provide numerous wildlife habitats. 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