His theory of the Universal Reason was that performing the greatest good was our purpose in life. Crates and Hipparchia lived their lives in accordance with the simplicity of reason and Zeno's vision in his Republic reflects that view. In his considerable lifespan of around 72 years, from 334 to 262 BC, Zeno of Citium found the time to make quite a few waves. For reason supervenes to shape impulse scientifically (Baird, 507). Zeno of Citium, the first Stoic, may not have left behind a perfectly clear system for us to study, but there is enough there to guide us toward our own variations of the framework. This is a statue bust of Zeno. He was the student of Carates of Thebes, who was the most famous cynic at that time. Mark, published on 15 February 2011 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Influence Greek Zeno of Elea (c. 490 - 430 B.C. ) In this, Zeno is simply saying that animals pursue pleasure because they are governed by instinct which drives them to impulse; but human beings, since they have been given reason, ought to be governed by rational thought and live reasonably. Please help us create teaching materials on Mesopotamia (including several complete lessons with worksheets, activities, answers, essay questions, and more), which will be free to download for teachers all over the world. His teachings have been influential enough for astronomers to name a crater on the moon after him and whatâs more, he was, in fact, the founder of Stoicism. Instead of pleasure, one should court reason and recognize that all things are impermanent and without lasting value. Zeno may refer to: Zeno of Citium (334 BC â 262 BC) the founder of the Stoic school of philosophy. These teachings, of course, are more well known today as the basic tenets of Buddhism but were also advocated by a number of the Pre-Socratic philosophers of Greece. But when reason by way of a more perfect leadership has been bestowed on the beings we call rational, for them life according to reason rightly becomes the natural life. Zeno was the son of a Phoenician merchant and was a merchant himself, when he came to Athens to learn philosophy, at the age of 22. Cite This Work Quotations from Zeno of Citium: sources - Web Search, WikiQuotes, Nearly all of Zeno of Citium's first hand writings are apparently lost, and all the ones below are secondary or tertiary⦠Zeno was born in the Phonecian-Greek city of Citium on Cyprus in the same year that Alexander the Great ascended to the throne of Macedonia. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. 31. The dramatic occasion of Platos dialogue, Parmenides, is a visit to Athens by the eminent philosopher Parmenides and Zeno, his younger associate, to attend the festival of the Great Panathenaea. Based on the moral ideas of the Cynics, Stoicism laid great emphasis on goodness and peace of mind gained from living a life of Virtue in accordance with Nature. Zenoâs philosophy was more of a middle way between the Cynicsâ rejection of society and the Stoicsâ obsession with duty. All things are parts of one single system, which is called Nature; the individual life is good when it is in harmony with Nature. The Philosophy of Zeno. If one is self-aware, one is also aware of others and, further, recognizes that it is in simplicity that true contentment may be found. Zeno of Citium (l.c. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Zeno the son of Mnaseas, was born in the Cypriot town of Citium and may have been part Semitic. â Zeno of Citium. was the founder of Stoicism. Sure he that made us with such large discourse, looking before and after, gave us not that capability and god-like reason to fust in us unused. Zeno of Citium, the founding philosopher of Ancient Greek Stoicism, has lost most of his story to time, leaving his teachings to live on in only a few fragments of what was rumored to be (2011, February 15). Zeno of Citium, (born c. 335 bce, Citium, Cyprusâdied c. 263, Athens), Hellenistic thinker who founded the Stoic school of philosophy, which influenced the development of philosophical and ethical thought in Hellenistic and Roman times. Steel your sensibilities, so that life shall hurt you as little as possible. Navigate parenthood with the help of the Raising Curious Learners podcast. Mark, Joshua J. Corrections? "Zeno of Citium." He was a merchant until he was exposed to the teachings of Socrates (l.c. "Cicero, Zeno of Citium, and the Vocabulary of Philosophy." From Stilpo, for example, it is said he learned that the greatest fault in life lay in saying `yes’ too quickly to any request and one should avoid doing so in order to live a tranquil life. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Ancient History Encyclopedia, 15 Feb 2011. Study philosophy by following his journey through Greece beginning in Larnaca, sailing the Greek Islands, and culminating in a ⦠Epicurus and his followers had a house and garden in town.â¦. Paperback. Thank you! This page was last changed on 11 December 2020, at 12:50. (Act IV.iv.33-39). Essential Stoic Philosophy: All In One Stoicism Marcus Aurelius. This belief is what made the stoic school so popular to the Greeks of the time and, later, to the Romans: Zeno's teachings cleared the mind and allowed one to see beyond what one thinks one wants to recognize all that one actually needs - which is simply the self. 28:31-58. âââ. Zeno of Citium (c. 334 - 262 B.C.) Using the governments of Athens and Sparta as your evidence, discuss both democracy and oligarchy in ancient Greece. Hence in the Republic Zeno said: âEros is a god which contributes to the cityâs security.â (Long and Sedley, p. 430) Plutarch vita. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/Zeno_of_Citium/. A Summary of Stoic Philosophy: Zeno of Citium in Diogenes Laertius Book Seven Keith Seddon. Diogenes was thrown out of his native place for damaging the currency. Zeno of Elea (ca. Once one understood this, one would achieve a state of enlightened apathy in which one would be set free from "enslavement to one's passions" (Mautner, 607). He went to Athens about 312 bce and attended lectures by the Cynic philosophers Crates of Thebes and Stilpon of Megara, in addition to lectures at the Academy. Most of the details we know about his life come from the anecdotes preserved by Diogenes Laërtius in his Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers. Zeno of Citium (334 - 262 B.C.) We have also been recommended for educational use by the following publications: Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. 1 Socrate 2 Platon 3 Pythagore 4 Aristote 5 Zenon - Pouqueville François Charles Hugues Laurent - ⦠3. The discipline of philosophy gave Zeno a focus he seems to have lacked as a merchant and he devoted himself to study and, more importantly, to living the values he absorbed from his teachers and the books he read. But when in the case of animals impulse has been superadded, whereby they are enabled to go in quest of their proper aliment, for them, say the stoics, Nature's rule is to follow the direction of impulse. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The Greek philosopher Zeno of Citium (335-263 B.C.) All his life, he was surrounded by controversies. He was not a mathematician.There is little additional, reliable information about Zenoâs life. Zeno the son of Mnaseas, was born in the Cypriot town of ⦠336 â 265 BCE) was the founder of the Stoic School of philosophy in Athens which taught that the Logos (Universal Reason) was the greatest good in life and living in accordance with reason was the purpose of human life. Zeno of Citium (c. 336 â 265 BCE) was the founder of the Stoic School of philosophy in Athens, which taught that the Logos (Universal Reason) was the greatest good in life and living in accordance with reason was the meaning of life.He was born in the Phonecian-Greek city of Citium on Cyprus in the same year that Alexander the Great ascended to the throne of Macedonia. was the founder of Stoicism. âif being is many, it must be both like and unlike, and this is impossible, for neither can the like be ⦠Mark, J. J. Introduction. 4.4 out of 5 stars 9. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. It is unclear whether Zeno studied philosophy in his youth but, around the age of 22, while stranded in Athens after a shipwreck, he picked up a copy of Xenophon’s Memorabilia and was so impressed by the figure of Socrates that he abandoned his former life and made the study of philosophy his only interest. To be a true human being, one needed to behave like a true human being: rationally. Founded by Zeno of Citium (left) around 300 BC in Athens, who lectured at the Painted Stoa in Athens (above), Stoicism developed into the most successful and widespread philosophy of Hellenistic times.. Zeno was born in about 490 B.C.E. The Greek philosopher Zeno of Citium (335-263 B.C.) Zeno of Citium (333 â 264 BC) was the Greek founder of Stoic philosophy. Phronesis.A Journal for Ancient Philosophy no. Paperback. A beast, no more. And ethicsâthe latter being central and garden in town.⦠at that time was thrown out of his place... Evidence, discuss both democracy and oligarchy in ancient Greece at that time recommend us, Oxford! Julian, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike being central Curious Learners podcast house and garden in town.⦠a philosophy that mirrored! And influential philosophies in the United Kingdom popular and influential philosophies in the Cypriot of... 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